Histoire des Sciences médicales

La revue Histoire des sciences médicales est l'organe officiel de la Société française d’histoire de la médecine (SFHM) depuis 1967. Pour consulter les archives de la SFHM avant 1967 : Cf. https://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/archives-de-la-sfhm/

Cette revue, trimestrielle jusqu’en 2018, est devenue annuelle à partir de 2019 (avec le Tome LIII, qui correspond en fait au premier tome des parutions annuelles). Les numéros suivants sont indiqué par Tome II pour 2020, Tome III pour 2021, etc.

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1996, Vol. 30 (2)	(PDF complet : 82 Mo)
[Sommaire] (PDF 635 Ko) Pour citer cet article [Sommaire] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1996, 30 (2), pp. 131-132 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1996x030x002/HSMx1996x030x002x0131.pdf	131-132
[Vie de la Société] . Compte rendu de la séance du 16 décembre 1995. / Compte rendu de la séance du 27 janvier 1996. (PDF 3454 Ko) Pour citer cet article [Vie de la Société] . Compte rendu de la séance du 16 décembre 1995. / Compte rendu de la séance du 27 janvier 1996. In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1996, 30 (2), pp. 133-140 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1996x030x002/HSMx1996x030x002x0133.pdf	133-140
Van Hee, Robrecht. - André Vésale: éminent chirurgien du XVIe siècle. [Andreas Vesalius, distinguished surgeon of the 16th century.] (PDF 6055 Ko) The author gives here some considerations about A. Vesalius through his life and his works as a surgeon. He was the father of the anatomical revolution against Galen but was also an eminent clinician and surgeon. He was immediately able to adapt his surgical practice whenever the promising methodology was identified (see Consilia). The author concludes with a critical analysis of the Chirurgia magna in septem libros digesta attributed to A. Vesalius. Pour citer cet article Van Hee, Robrecht. - André Vésale: éminent chirurgien du XVIe siècle. [Andreas Vesalius, distinguished surgeon of the 16th century.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1996, 30 (2), pp. 141-150 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1996x030x002/HSMx1996x030x002x0141.pdf	141-150
Lambert, Régine. - Une exostose orbitaire. Histoire de son exérèse, de sa présentation didactique au XIXe siècle et ... de nos jours. [An orbital exostosis, the history of its removal and didactic presentation in the XIXth century and today ...] (PDF 2088 Ko) During a meeting on Paleopathology an anatomic piece dating back to 1853 was presented by Dr Thillaud. It consisted of a right hemiskull, the orbital cavity of which was entirely filled by a bone tumour, which was considered as benignant according to all macroscopic paleopathological and radiological criteria. The situation of the tumour in the skeleton was surprising, considering the report in the Dupuytren Museum catalogue which mentioned its removal and a long survival of the patient after the operation. After some research, it was possible to find out all details of the case history, of the removal of the tumour and of its aberrant presentation in the skull which was solely done in a didactic purpose, as far back as 1853. This observation is a further proof of the interest of written documents in Paleopathology and of the evident connexion of this discipline with the History of Medicine. Pour citer cet article Lambert, Régine. - Une exostose orbitaire. Histoire de son exérèse, de sa présentation didactique au XIXe siècle et ... de nos jours. [An orbital exostosis, the history of its removal and didactic presentation in the XIXth century and today ...] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1996, 30 (2), pp. 151-154 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1996x030x002/HSMx1996x030x002x0151.pdf	151-154
Vanderpooten, Claude. - Alexis Carrel: la mystification ... [Alexis Carrell: the mystification ...] (PDF 3988 Ko) Alexis Carrel is died in 1944. A half-century later, the most we know about his life comes from his widow. Pupil of the Jesuits, faith lost with Claude Bernard, recovered thanks to his wife, papers lefts to the Jesuits ..., all is well. Too beautiful edifying story to be true ... Details show that mystification trouble is in it. Who was, what thought exactly Carrel? Light may be shed only by an exhaustive study of his manuscripts and letters. Pour citer cet article Vanderpooten, Claude. - Alexis Carrel: la mystification ... [Alexis Carrell: the mystification ...] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1996, 30 (2), pp. 155-162 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1996x030x002/HSMx1996x030x002x0155.pdf	155-162
Augier, F. - Salf, E. - Nottet, J. B.. - Le Docteur Samuel Serge Voronoff (1866-1951) ou "la quête de l'éternelle jeunesse". [Dr. Samuel Serge Voronoff (1866-1951) or "the quest for eternal youth".] (PDF 5035 Ko) Samuel Serge Voronoff, a French physician and surgeon of Russian origin was the Khédive's personal physician from 1896 to 1910 and the instigator of modern medicine in Egypt. He was later a student and friend of Alexis Carrel as soon as 1910 and directed a service of bone grafts during World War I. Between 1912 and 1949 he published the results of his experimental work at his Voronoff Foundation of the Collège de France and at Grimaldi where he performed homografts of endocrine glands of cattle and corresponding heterografts between great primates and man. Contested since 1922 by his colleagues for his results however histologically confirmed and improved durable, Voronoff who had an audience in the Académie des Sciences will proceed his research with success during the period preceding World War II. He grafted old people in senior homes and Government cattle in Algeria, training followers in Italy and California. In 1939 he gave all his research facilities at the Collège de France to René Leriche (1879-1955) and remained on the American continent until 1945. At that time his theories became obsolete in view of the progress in endocrinology and his laboratories were destroyed during the war. He died in Lausanne in 1951 at 85. The recent epidemics caused by HIV suggests to study the work he performed in the Collège de France. Pour citer cet article Augier, F. - Salf, E. - Nottet, J. B.. - Le Docteur Samuel Serge Voronoff (1866-1951) ou "la quête de l'éternelle jeunesse". [Dr. Samuel Serge Voronoff (1866-1951) or "the quest for eternal youth".] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1996, 30 (2), pp. 163-171 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1996x030x002/HSMx1996x030x002x0163.pdf	163-171
Séance commune avec la Société internationale d'histoire de la psychiatrie et de la psychanalyse. (Salle du Conseil, ancienne Faculté de médecine de Paris). (25 mars 1995). Bicentenaire de l'arrivée de Philippe Pinel à l'Hôpital de la Salpêtrière. En présence de R. Major, président de la S.I.H.P.P., de P. Morel et E. Roudinesco, vice-présidents.
Chazaud, Jacques. - Vous avez dit Pinel? [You said Pinel?] (PDF 3031 Ko) Pinel's action had to be "disabused". Pinel remains nevertheless a "mythical" figure of French Psychiatry even if he has not "removed the chains from the insanes", neither actually founded a "Subject in madness" nor, more simply, it's Moral Treatment. A Medical Practitioner and a neo-stoïcian Philosopher more than an Ideologist, when he stated a principle of curability and reversibility of mental alienation and classified it's clinical order of accessibility, his "founding gesture" was systematically associating those principles with the restoration of a status of Subject of Rights to those who lost their Reason. Pour citer cet article Chazaud, Jacques. - Vous avez dit Pinel? [You said Pinel?] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1996, 30 (2), pp. 172-178 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1996x030x002/HSMx1996x030x002x0173.pdf	172-178
Gourevitch, Michel. - Le printemps de l'an III. [The spring of Revolutionary year III.] (PDF 1214 Ko) Pour citer cet article Gourevitch, Michel. - Le printemps de l'an III. [The spring of Revolutionary year III.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1996, 30 (2), pp. 179-180 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1996x030x002/HSMx1996x030x002x0179.pdf	179-180
Caire, Michel. - Une lettre inédite de Joseph Daquin: le plan du journal sur les fous. [An unpublished letter from Joseph Daquin: the draft of a diary on the insanes.] (PDF 4514 Ko) The author presents an unpublished letter from Joseph Daquin, a savoyard physician contemporary of Philippe Pinel to the minister Chaptal. This letter gives an outline of the practical researches lead by this other pioneer of psychiatry, on the relation to establish with the insane on one hand, on the influence of the moon on madness on the other hand. Pour citer cet article Caire, Michel. - Une lettre inédite de Joseph Daquin: le plan du journal sur les fous. [An unpublished letter from Joseph Daquin: the draft of a diary on the insanes.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1996, 30 (2), pp. 181-188 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1996x030x002/HSMx1996x030x002x0181.pdf	181-188
Juchet, Jack - Postel, Jacques. - Le "surveillant" Jean-Baptiste Pussin à la Salpêtrière. [The "surveillant" Jean-Baptiste Pussin at La Salpêtrière.] (PDF 5801 Ko) Pour citer cet article Juchet, Jack - Postel, Jacques. - Le "surveillant" Jean-Baptiste Pussin à la Salpêtrière. [The "surveillant" Jean-Baptiste Pussin at La Salpêtrière.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1996, 30 (2), pp. 189-198 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1996x030x002/HSMx1996x030x002x0189.pdf	189-198
Frédy, Daniel. - Paul Broca (1824-1880). [Paul Broca (1824-1880).] (PDF 2683 Ko) Pour citer cet article Frédy, Daniel. - Paul Broca (1824-1880). [Paul Broca (1824-1880).] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1996, 30 (2), pp. 199-204 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1996x030x002/HSMx1996x030x002x0199.pdf	199-204
Hoerni, Bernard - Bénézech, Michel. - Les aléas de l'examen clinique. [The uneven history of clinical examination.] (PDF 5225 Ko) Clinical examination was developed by Hippocrates to understand diseases and patients. This approach was later almost abandoned in the Middle Age before a revival and a period of flowering at the beginning of the XIXth century. The multiplication of other new means of examination again provoked its decline, which has presently stopped, allowing a better balance of clinical practice. Pour citer cet article Hoerni, Bernard - Bénézech, Michel. - Les aléas de l'examen clinique. [The uneven history of clinical examination.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1996, 30 (2), pp. 205-214 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1996x030x002/HSMx1996x030x002x0205.pdf	205-214
Khalil, Richard. - Histoire de la maladie de Parkinson. [History of Parkinson's disease.] (PDF 3190 Ko) History of Parkinson's disease includes four periods: clinical, neuropathological, neurosurgical and biochemical. An "Essay on the shaking Palsy" by James Parkinson introduces the clinical period in 1817. Tretiakoff thesis defines pathology of the substantia nigra in 1919. Surgical treatment are various neurophysiological approachs, and biochemical discoveries open the way to medical treatment. Pour citer cet article Khalil, Richard. - Histoire de la maladie de Parkinson. [History of Parkinson's disease.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1996, 30 (2), pp. 215-220 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1996x030x002/HSMx1996x030x002x0215.pdf	215-220
Dubois, Charles. - Les observations anatomo-cliniques du Service de R.T.H. Laennec à l'Hôpital Necker (1816-1819). [The anatomical-clinical observations of R.T.H. Laennec's Service at the Hôpital Necker (1816-1819).] (PDF 2309 Ko) It is through Laennec's students observations, revised by himself, that we are able to follow his medical knowledge strides. Starting from the first mediate auscultation (1817) it shows the raising prevalence of physical marks against functional ones. It starts by the impairing of human voice sounds and tackles abnormal breathing murmurs; all these are combined with every other investigating process as percussion. Nevertheless, some failings appear about cardiology which is occasionally defective. Very complete autopsies give now famous descriptions of pulmonary emphysema and atrophic cirrhosis. Such a documentation shows how high a value Laennec and his followers were setting on anatomo-clinical method though they admitted its limit. Pour citer cet article Dubois, Charles. - Les observations anatomo-cliniques du Service de R.T.H. Laennec à l'Hôpital Necker (1816-1819). [The anatomical-clinical observations of R.T.H. Laennec's Service at the Hôpital Necker (1816-1819).] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1996, 30 (2), pp. 221-224 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1996x030x002/HSMx1996x030x002x0221.pdf	221-224
Boulinier, Georges. - Documents inédits sur Dupuytren. [Unpublished documents concerning Dupuytren.] (PDF 5351 Ko) In the present paper is proposed a first incursion in various archives - mainly notarial ones - concerning Dupuytren and his close relatives, investigated by the author. They will be more thoroughly dealt with in a forthcoming book. These documents give us a better knowledge of various events of Dupuytren's public and private life. They namely disclose the great challenge shown by the surgeon-in-chief of the Hôtel-Dieu in marrying his daughter Adeline in the midst of the Paris cholera epidemic in 1832. They show moreover in this unusual character the essential role continually played by some preoccupations such as nobility, power, religion and wealth, amidst a family of which he is the only member to have shown the ambition to become famous in the medical field. Pour citer cet article Boulinier, Georges. - Documents inédits sur Dupuytren. [Unpublished documents concerning Dupuytren.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1996, 30 (2), pp. 225-234 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1996x030x002/HSMx1996x030x002x0225.pdf	225-234
Postel-Vinay, Nicolas. - Histoire de l'hypertension artérielle et du risque vasculaire: aux origines des mutations de la médecine contemporaine. [History of hypertension and of vascular risk: at the origins of change of contemporary medicine.] (PDF 4067 Ko) One hundred years ago arterial hypertension was not even mentioned in medical textbooks. In 1930 it was referred to as "a disease of civilisation". Today we know that it is largely responsible for cardiovascular deaths, the major cause of mortality in industrialized countries. Arterial hypertension is a singular disease entity. It is defined arbitrarily, it is closely linked to sociocultural factors and it has an enormous economic impact. Hypertension was recognized as a risk factor between the two World Wars. The driving force behind this recognition was financial rather than medical. The evolution of the understanding and management of hypertension reflects the profound changes that have affected twentieth century medicine. A Century of Arterial Hypertension reflects on the evolving concepts of hypertension over the past hundred years and reveals an essential yet little-known facet of modern medicine. The originality, wealth of historical documents and bibliography will make this subject of interest not only to cardiologists and physicians in general, but to anyone who aspires to understand how modern medicine has achieved what it has. Pour citer cet article Postel-Vinay, Nicolas. - Histoire de l'hypertension artérielle et du risque vasculaire: aux origines des mutations de la médecine contemporaine. [History of hypertension and of vascular risk: at the origins of change of contemporary medicine.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1996, 30 (2), pp. 235-241 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1996x030x002/HSMx1996x030x002x0235.pdf	235-241
Séance consacrée à l'histoire de la gynéco-obstétrique organisée par le Docteur Henri Stofft en hommage au Docteur André Pecker, ancien président de la Société française d'histoire de la médecine (Salle du Conseil, ancienne Faculté de médecine de Paris) (27 mai 1995)
Sicard, André - Théodoridès, Jean - Dulieu, Louis. - Eloges du Docteur André Pecker 1902-1994. (PDF 4191 Ko) Pour citer cet article Sicard, André - Théodoridès, Jean - Dulieu, Louis. - Eloges du Docteur André Pecker 1902-1994. In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1996, 30 (2), pp. 243-250 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1996x030x002/HSMx1996x030x002x0243.pdf	243-250
Duchatel, François. - Evolution des méthodes actuelles de déclenchement du travail. [Evolution of actual methods for the induction of labour.] (PDF 3755 Ko) At first reserved for the most serious illnesses of pregnancy, the techniques of artificial induction of labour have seen their indications and methods modified with the passing years. This brief account tries to relate the course of some of these techniques still used to-day. Out of the mechanical procedures formerly imposed by the necessity to end quickly a dangerous labour or a dangerous pregnancy, only remains some adjuvant measures linked with medical treatments, which are nowadays universally and widely used. Perhaps the old dream to control the parturition is not so far off now to be a reality, but a shadow is becoming apparent: the temptation of a total control and of a limitless interventionism. Pour citer cet article Duchatel, François. - Evolution des méthodes actuelles de déclenchement du travail. [Evolution of actual methods for the induction of labour.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1996, 30 (2), pp. 251-258 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1996x030x002/HSMx1996x030x002x0251.pdf	251-258
Pottiee-Sperry, Francis. - "L'hysterotomotokie ou enfantement caesarien" de François Rousset (Paris, 1581). Le livre d'un imposteur ou celui d'un précurseur? ["The hysterotomotokie or Caesarian birth" of Francois Rousset (Paris, 1581). The book of an impostor or that of a precursor?] (PDF 5743 Ko) In the year 1581, François Rousset, a Parisian physician published "L'hystérotomotokie ou enfantement césarien...", suggesting for the first time a "laparotomy" with hysterotomy in the parturiant who could not be confined in the ordinary way, this of course being done in the last resort. This surgical intervention was not usually performed until then before the woman's death. Rousset is the man who gave this operation the name Caesarean section in memory of the supposed birth of Caesar. In support of this proposal, he gathered ten observations, six of them in which he personally took part in without operating himself, as he was not a surgeon. Moreover, he did endeavour, by use of reason as well as authoritative arguments, to produce evidence that this intervention was actually feasible, saving sometimes the mother and child's lives while preserving the possibility of future pregnancy. The last part of the book is devoted to a detailed and meticulous description of the intervention. This revolutionary proposal was coldly received and vigourously opposed by the medical milieu, especially by Ambroise Paré. It was not more favoured in the course of the next two centuries and Rousset was often considered as an impostor, his opposers considering this intervention as inevitably entailing death and it success being miraculous. Those who approved were few and cautious and only exceptionnaly took heed of it. It is only in the nineteenth century that Rousset's book was noticed and acknowledged. Written in French, it was essentially intended for surgeons and won him the name of Father of the ceasarean section. Pour citer cet article Pottiee-Sperry, Francis. - "L'hysterotomotokie ou enfantement caesarien" de François Rousset (Paris, 1581). Le livre d'un imposteur ou celui d'un précurseur? ["The hysterotomotokie or Caesarian birth" of Francois Rousset (Paris, 1581). The book of an impostor or that of a precursor?] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1996, 30 (2), pp. 259-268 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1996x030x002/HSMx1996x030x002x0259.pdf	259-268
Stofft, Henri. - Le voyage à Paris d'Eduard von Siebold en 1831. [Eduard von Siebold's journey in Paris (1831).] (PDF 7185 Ko) The friendly relations between some german and french physicians played an important part in the progress of science, chiefly during the nineteenth century. As concerns the present study, the 1831 Paris journey of Eduard von Siebold, obstetrician and historian, constitutes a significant episode. Pour citer cet article Stofft, Henri. - Le voyage à Paris d'Eduard von Siebold en 1831. [Eduard von Siebold's journey in Paris (1831).] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1996, 30 (2), pp. 269-280 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1996x030x002/HSMx1996x030x002x0269.pdf	269-280
Schlogel, Gilbert. - Raoul Palmer et l'aventure coelio-chirurgicale de 1940 à 1995. [Raoul Palmer and the coelio-surgical adventure from 1940 to 1995.] (PDF 4319 Ko) Raoul Palmer born in Paris in 1904 from Swedish parents with a humanistic tradition and a non-conformist spirit obtained a scientific degree (licence ès-sciences) before starting his medical studies. Attracted by experimental surgery he was at the head of Fiessinger's laboratory before becoming demonstrator of gynecology at the Hôpital Broca in the services of Proust, Brocq, Mocquot, Funck-Brentano and Huguier. As a surgeon specialized in sterility since 1935 but conscient as to the difficulty of making a prognosis without being informed of the extent of the lesions, he invented pre-operatory exploratory coelioscopy in 1943. This new technique allowed him to go further with the sampling of ovocytes, electrocoagulation of the uterine horns, punction of cysts, adhesiolysis ... And this was only a beginning for this method practised for the first time in 1901 by Kelling in the dog and by Jacobaeus (1912) in man but which remained confidential. In spite of neighbouring hostility, Palmer's disciples have widened the limits of this method: digestive adhesiolysis, appendectomy in 1983. In 1987 Philippe Mouret realized the first cholecystectomy and opened the way to more complex surgical operations so much that some surgeons wonder if laparotomy is still to be performed to-day. With a premonitory will, Palmer has fought all along his medical career against clandestine abortion while advising in spite of the Ordre des Médecins the legalization of voluntary pregnancy and freedom for voluntary sterilization. With over 800 international publications he appears as a visionary creator and a militating humanist. Pour citer cet article Schlogel, Gilbert. - Raoul Palmer et l'aventure coelio-chirurgicale de 1940 à 1995. [Raoul Palmer and the coelio-surgical adventure from 1940 to 1995.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1996, 30 (2), pp. 281-288 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1996x030x002/HSMx1996x030x002x0281.pdf	281-288

Histoire des Sciences médicales

1996, Vol. 30 (2)