Histoire des Sciences médicales

La revue Histoire des sciences médicales est l'organe officiel de la Société française d’histoire de la médecine (SFHM) depuis 1967. Pour consulter les archives de la SFHM avant 1967 : Cf. https://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/archives-de-la-sfhm/

Cette revue, trimestrielle jusqu’en 2018, est devenue annuelle à partir de 2019 (avec le Tome LIII, qui correspond en fait au premier tome des parutions annuelles). Les numéros suivants sont indiqué par Tome II pour 2020, Tome III pour 2021, etc.

L'accès à la version numérique d’Histoire des sciences médicales est réalisé grâce au soutien de la BIU Santé (Université Paris Cité) et du Département d’histoire de la santé.

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1998, Vol. 32 (1)	(PDF complet : 47 Mo)
[Sommaire] (PDF 366 Ko) Pour citer cet article [Sommaire] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (1), pp. 3-4 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x001/HSMx1998x032x001x0003.pdf	3-4
Pallardy, G.. - Le mot du Président... (PDF 326 Ko) Pour citer cet article Pallardy, G.. - Le mot du Président... In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (1), pp. 5-5 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x001/HSMx1998x032x001x0005.pdf	5-5
[Vie de la Société] . Compte rendu de la séance provinciale à Anvers le 25 mai 1997. / Compte rendu de la séance du 28 juin 1997. (PDF 2045 Ko) Pour citer cet article [Vie de la Société] . Compte rendu de la séance provinciale à Anvers le 25 mai 1997. / Compte rendu de la séance du 28 juin 1997. In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (1), pp. 6-10 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x001/HSMx1998x032x001x0006.pdf	6-10
Albou, Philippe. - Histoire des “Oeuvres charitables” de Philibert Guybert. [History of the “charitable works” of Philibert Guybert.] (PDF 8508 Ko) Cet exposé en deux parties retrace l'histoire des Oeuvres charitables de Philibert Guybert, qui connurent, entre 1623 et 1679, au moins 60 rééditions, nombre exceptionnel pour l'époque. Le Médecin charitable (1623) fut suivi d'autres textes comme le Prix et valeur des médicaments (1625), l'Apothicaire charitable (1625), la Manière d'embaumer les corps morts (1627), etc. Reflet des méthodes préconisées par la Faculté parisienne, les textes de Guybert furent regroupés plusieurs fois sous le titre des Oeuvres charitables de Philibert Guybert, jusqu'à l'édition de référence en 1633, dans laquelle, avec la participation de Gui Patin, des textes d'autres auteurs furent ajoutés (Cf en annexe le “tableau chronologique des éditions”). Le but exprimé par Guybert était d'aider le public, en particulier les pauvres, à se soigner en préparant eux-mêmes les médicaments, autrement dit en luttant contre les privilèges, l'appât du gain et les abus des apothicaires. La première partie retracera la période qui va de 1623 à 1629, avec les premiers textes de Guybert et les controverses qui s'élevèrent alors entre les médecins et les apothicaires. La deuxième partie évoquera l'édition de référence de 1633 (parue quelques mois avant la mort de Guybert), puis les éditions posthumes, parmi lesquelles plusieurs “éditions pirates”, ainsi que des éditions en latin (Medici officiosi opera) et en anglais (The charitable Physician). This report, made in two parts, relates Philibert Guybert's Charitable works history which were reprinted at least sixty times between 1623 and 1679 - quite an exceptional number for that period. Le Médecin charitable (The Charitable Physician) (1623), was followed by other works such as Le Prix et valeur des médicaments (Price and value of medicines) (1625), l'Apothicaire charitable (The charitable Apothecary) (1625), la Manière d'embaumer les corps morts (The way of embalming corpses) (1627), etc. As an indication of methods then used in the Parisian Faculty of Medicine, Guybert's works were compiled at many times under the title Oeuvres charitables de Philibert Guybert, until the reference edition in 1633, in which other authors works were added. Philibert Guybert's objective was to help people, particulary the poor, to treat themselves by making their own remedies, in other words, fighting against privileges, as well as the apothecaries' lure of profit-making and their corrupted methods. The first part recalls the period between 1623 and 1629, with regard to Guybert's first works and the controversy between doctors and apothecaries. The second part begins by relating the history of the reference edition, in 1633, which came out few months before Guybert's death. Gui Patin, the well-known parisian doctor, took an important part in this edition: he wrote a Traité de la Conservation de la Santé (Treaty of health conservation), and also many annotations concerning l'Avis sur la peste (Advice on the plague) by Nicolas Ellain - in which Patin expresses his disapproval of certain remedies such as theriac, mithridate, arsenic, pearls, bezoaa, etc. -, and also how he felt about le Traité de la Saignée de Galien (The treaty of blood-letting by Galien) - with his approval of both the blood-letting and Galien! Then the author recalls the posthumous editions, some of them clandestine, and also evokes latine and english editions (Medici officiosi opera and The charitable Physician respectively). The nature of Guybert's works, and also various similar events (such as the 1647 trial between Patin and apothecaries) show the importance of conflicts occurred between Parisian apothecaries and doctors of the time. Pour citer cet article Albou, Philippe. - Histoire des “Oeuvres charitables” de Philibert Guybert. [History of the “charitable works” of Philibert Guybert.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (1), pp. 11-26 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x001/HSMx1998x032x001x0011.pdf	11-26 Résumé
Fischer, Louis - Touil, Khadidja. - Claude Pouteau (1725-1775), chirurgien de l'Hôtel-Dieu de Lyon: son “asepsie” au moyen de l'eau, du feu et du linge propre. [Claude Pouteau (1725-1775), surgeon at the l'Hôtel-Dieu de Lyon: his “asepsis” using water, fire and ligne propre.] (PDF 7050 Ko) Claude Pouteau, Hôtel-Dieu de Lyon's surgeon (1725-1775), did not improve surgical teaching, as Mareschal or Lapeyronie did with their reforming law. But he is reminiscent of an extremely skilful surgeon, always having a remarkable high rate of recoveries. For instance when it came to operate on bladder with a perineal approach (vesical cut), only three patients died out of one hundred and twenty operations. One century before Semmelweiss and more earlier than Pasteur, Pouteau thought that hospital-gangrene was not only caused by air miasma but also by direct contact, which could be indebted dirty instruments or hands, or hospital-made bandages. So he advised impeccably cleanliness for surgical students. According to his mind, soap was inadequate for cleaning hospital linen. Those must be pull out of neat material fitted by clean hands out of hospitals. It shall be supplied every day and never guthered inside. In order to keep clear of gangrene, the patient will not wait too long inside hospital. In case of bleeding, cautery must preferable to ligature for Pouteau “We can do without the bitter sadness of seeing a lighter wound become a lethal or incurable one...” (Posthumous works, vol. III, p. 237-238). Pour citer cet article Fischer, Louis - Touil, Khadidja. - Claude Pouteau (1725-1775), chirurgien de l'Hôtel-Dieu de Lyon: son “asepsie” au moyen de l'eau, du feu et du linge propre. [Claude Pouteau (1725-1775), surgeon at the l'Hôtel-Dieu de Lyon: his “asepsis” using water, fire and ligne propre.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (1), pp. 27-38 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x001/HSMx1998x032x001x0027.pdf	27-38
Benoit, Robert. - La syphilis à la fin du XVIe siècle, d'après les cours du Professeur Jean Riolan, de la Faculté de médecine de Paris. [Syphilis at the end of the 16th century, on the course of professor Jean Riolan, of the Faculté de médecine de Paris.] (PDF 6340 Ko) Based on the study of a medical course taught at the Faculty of Medicine in Paris by Jean Riolan in 1584-1585 and kept at the Carnegie Library in Reims, this article presents syphilis, called “Indian disease”, as an illness with a new clinical description. The professor studies its origin, its symptoms, its cure with a decoction of gaiac wood which is inefficient, and a cure with quicksilver under different forms (pills, unctions, fumigations) which is more reliable. It gives an example of the adaptation of a much-disparaged medicine to a disease with symptoms unknown from ancient authors. Pour citer cet article Benoit, Robert. - La syphilis à la fin du XVIe siècle, d'après les cours du Professeur Jean Riolan, de la Faculté de médecine de Paris. [Syphilis at the end of the 16th century, on the course of professor Jean Riolan, of the Faculté de médecine de Paris.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (1), pp. 39-50 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x001/HSMx1998x032x001x0039.pdf	39-50
Donnet, Vincent. - Claude Bernard était-il athée? (Texte lu par le Dr A. Ségal) [Was Claude Bernard an atheist?] (PDF 2635 Ko) During his stay at Villefranche-sur-Saône College, Claude Bernard became acquainted with Ferdinand Donnet, appointed a short while ago, priest of the Parish. This priest became Cardinal and carried out his apostolate at Bordeaux for 47 years. 40 years after their meeting at Villefranche, Cardinal Donnet and Claude Bernard found again each other as “Sénateurs d'Empire” in Paris. In his writings, Claude Bernard never mentionned Religion: he rather gave impression, in many ways, of being anticlerical! Paul Bert and his colleagues looked upon Claude Bernard as a great priest of atheism. Shortly after his death, Cardinal Donnet wrote a letter where he entirely proved that Claude Bernard has been, on the contrary, a fervent catholic. Pour citer cet article Donnet, Vincent. - Claude Bernard était-il athée? (Texte lu par le Dr A. Ségal) [Was Claude Bernard an atheist?] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (1), pp. 51-56 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x001/HSMx1998x032x001x0051.pdf	51-56
Käbin, Ilo. - Karl Ernst von Baer (1792-1876), le fondateur de l'embryologie contemporaine (Texte lu par le Dr A. Ségal). [Karl Ernst von Baer (1792-1876), the founder of contemporary embryology.] (PDF 3092 Ko) Pour citer cet article Käbin, Ilo. - Karl Ernst von Baer (1792-1876), le fondateur de l'embryologie contemporaine (Texte lu par le Dr A. Ségal). [Karl Ernst von Baer (1792-1876), the founder of contemporary embryology.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (1), pp. 57-62 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x001/HSMx1998x032x001x0057.pdf	57-62
Hoerni, Bernard. - La loi du 30 novembre 1892. [The law of 30 November 1892.] (PDF 2491 Ko) The law of 30th November 1892 abolished the situation of “officiers de santé”, gave medical doctors the monopoly of the practice of medicine and sought to punish illegal practice more efficiently than in the past. The law updated the regulations concerning dentists and midwives. It gave those three professions the right set up professional associations and the responsibility of making known epidemics. Pour citer cet article Hoerni, Bernard. - La loi du 30 novembre 1892. [The law of 30 November 1892.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (1), pp. 63-68 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x001/HSMx1998x032x001x0063.pdf	63-68
Chazaud, Jacques. - Cabanis devant la guillotine. [Cabanis before the guillotine.] (PDF 2719 Ko) In the beginning of “Year IV”, Cabanis writes an Essay on the guillotine. Strangely enough, he advocated the scafold against Soemmering and Süe on an argumented physiological ground, while he strongly condemns it from a political and moral standpoint. This ambivalence could be explained by the paradoxes of the culpability feeled by the humanist practionner who had to represent the Paris Hospitals Commission when the machine to be the Great Terror's servant was tested, for the first time, by Louis, Guillotin and Pinel. Pour citer cet article Chazaud, Jacques. - Cabanis devant la guillotine. [Cabanis before the guillotine.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (1), pp. 69-74 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x001/HSMx1998x032x001x0069.pdf	69-74
De Saint-Julien, J. - Plessis, J.-L.. - Chirurgiens d'armée et artère fessière, une longue liaison: à propos de la biographie de Paul-Athanase Champenois. [Army surgeons and natal artery, a long connection: on the biography of Paul-Athanase Champenois.] (PDF 3348 Ko) Very frequently quoted in surgical medicine treaties, Champenois, a brilliant military surgeon associated his name to the technique used to control trauma hemorrhages of the superior gluteal artery. Eventhough current advances have made checking of the internal iliac artery easy, this surgeon's princeps document in 1871 deserves to be known and considered as a model. The authors review the highlights of this medical officer's military career made of overseas campaigns alternating with excellent scientific publications which can serve as examples. Pour citer cet article De Saint-Julien, J. - Plessis, J.-L.. - Chirurgiens d'armée et artère fessière, une longue liaison: à propos de la biographie de Paul-Athanase Champenois. [Army surgeons and natal artery, a long connection: on the biography of Paul-Athanase Champenois.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (1), pp. 75-80 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x001/HSMx1998x032x001x0075.pdf	75-80
Mabin, Dominique. - La mort de Victor Segalen. Un point de vue médical. [Victor Segalen's death, a medical view-point.] (PDF 1405 Ko) Victor Segalen, born in Brest in 1878, naval physician and writer, died in Huelgoat forest, in Brittany. Accident or self-murder? After analysis of his personality, psychic antecedents, events of his death, and evidences of friends, his suicide seems probable. It is possible that Yvonne, his wife, and Hélène Hilpert, a woman-friend, expected this end. The accident was asserted. Comparison with death of his heroes reinforces suicide hypothesis. Pour citer cet article Mabin, Dominique. - La mort de Victor Segalen. Un point de vue médical. [Victor Segalen's death, a medical view-point.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (1), pp. 81-83 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x001/HSMx1998x032x001x0081.pdf	81-83
Chazaud, Jacques - Rousset, J.-J. - Postel, J. - Théodoridès, J. - Delaveau, P. - Postel-Vinay, Nicolas - Gourevitch, D. - Ségal A.. - Analyses d'ouvrages. (PDF 6301 Ko) Pour citer cet article Chazaud, Jacques - Rousset, J.-J. - Postel, J. - Théodoridès, J. - Delaveau, P. - Postel-Vinay, Nicolas - Gourevitch, D. - Ségal A.. - Analyses d'ouvrages. In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (1), pp. 84-94 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x001/HSMx1998x032x001x0084.pdf	84-94
Théodoridès, Jean. - Hommage: Les quatre-vingts ans du Dr A. Sakula. (PDF 707 Ko) Pour citer cet article Théodoridès, Jean. - Hommage: Les quatre-vingts ans du Dr A. Sakula. In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (1), pp. 95-96 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x001/HSMx1998x032x001x0095.pdf	95-96

Histoire des Sciences médicales

1998, Vol. 32 (1)