Histoire des Sciences médicales

La revue Histoire des sciences médicales est l'organe officiel de la Société française d’histoire de la médecine (SFHM) depuis 1967. Pour consulter les archives de la SFHM avant 1967 : Cf. https://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/archives-de-la-sfhm/

Cette revue, trimestrielle jusqu’en 2018, est devenue annuelle à partir de 2019 (avec le Tome LIII, qui correspond en fait au premier tome des parutions annuelles). Les numéros suivants sont indiqué par Tome II pour 2020, Tome III pour 2021, etc.

L'accès à la version numérique d’Histoire des sciences médicales est réalisé grâce au soutien de la BIU Santé (Université Paris Cité) et du Département d’histoire de la santé.

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1998, Vol. 32 (3)	(PDF complet : 43 Mo)
[Sommaire] (PDF 354 Ko) Pour citer cet article [Sommaire] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (3), pp. 227-228 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x003/HSMx1998x032x003x0227.pdf	227-228
[Vie de la Société] . Compte rendu de la séance du 31 janvier 1998. / Compte rendu de la séance du 28 février 1998. / Compte rendu de l'assemblée générale du 28 février 1998. / Prix de la Société française d'histoire de la médecine (1997). (PDF 7174 Ko) Pour citer cet article [Vie de la Société] . Compte rendu de la séance du 31 janvier 1998. / Compte rendu de la séance du 28 février 1998. / Compte rendu de l'assemblée générale du 28 février 1998. / Prix de la Société française d'histoire de la médecine (1997). In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (3), pp. 229-244 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x003/HSMx1998x032x003x0229.pdf	229-244
Galmiche, Jean-Marie. - Julien François Jeannel (1814-1896), “homme protée” ou l'histoire d'un pharmacien militaire hors du commun. [Julien-François Jeannel (1814-1896). A “Prothee”, or a singular military pharmacist officer.] (PDF 5182 Ko) Military pharmacist Officer since 1838, Julien Jeannel studied medicine too (1838 Class). During the algerian campaign (1840), surrounded inside Medea, he slaughtered the whole part of sick animals to cook up bubbles next changed into stock cubes (Never patented!). Nominated in Toulouse and further in Bordeaux, he wrote many books about worker's medicine, anaesthesia, suicide, syphilis, prostitution as well as a french Codex the Army used until 1918. In 1858, he set up the A.G.M.F. (French General Practitioner's Association). He enlarged the purpose of cultural gardens and promoted reforestation. Imperial Guard Field-officer during the 1870-71 War, he was among the Metz besieged; there, he contrived a gadget: small hydrogen balloons carrying letters - a king of “air mail”! After retiring, he founded with Férau and Papillon the Lille Free Medical University. Then, he ended his life at Villefranche sur Mer, devoted to botany and natural sciences; he published “Les Fables de La Fontaine” meant for young people. Pour citer cet article Galmiche, Jean-Marie. - Julien François Jeannel (1814-1896), “homme protée” ou l'histoire d'un pharmacien militaire hors du commun. [Julien-François Jeannel (1814-1896). A “Prothee”, or a singular military pharmacist officer.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (3), pp. 245-254 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x003/HSMx1998x032x003x0245.pdf	245-254
Ségal, Alain - Ferrandis, Jean-Jacques. - Eugène de Séré (1828-1870), inventeur du bistouri électrique. [Eugène de Séré (1828-1870), inventor of the electric lancet.] (PDF 5364 Ko) The authors relate chiefly medical-officer Eugène de Séré's military career, particuliarly some parts of his work: the invention of a galvano-cautery, an electric cutter including a scale which allows to change current strength whether it is needing to cut flesh or to coagulate blood. That instrument is the forerunner of every modern ones. Pour citer cet article Ségal, Alain - Ferrandis, Jean-Jacques. - Eugène de Séré (1828-1870), inventeur du bistouri électrique. [Eugène de Séré (1828-1870), inventor of the electric lancet.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (3), pp. 255-264 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x003/HSMx1998x032x003x0255.pdf	255-264
Séance consacrée à Joseph Désiré Tholozan (1820-1897), organisée par Jean Théodoridès, 13 décembre 1997.
Théodoridès, Jean. - Introduction. (PDF 921 Ko) Pour citer cet article Théodoridès, Jean. - Introduction. In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (3), pp. 265-268 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x003/HSMx1998x032x003x0267.pdf	265-268
Boulinier, Georges. - Les origines du Dr Joseph Désiré Tholozan (1820-1897). [The origins of Doctor Joseph Désiré Tholozan (1820-1897).] (PDF 4337 Ko) In this paper the author examines the geographical and familial origins of Dr. Tholozan which contributed to the orientation of his career and future preoccupations. To begin, he evokes a first cousin of his father: Dr. André Léger François Cauvière (1780-1858), a well known personality in Marseille, whose family originated from the Var department and whose influence on Tholozan seems to have been decisive. The Tholozan themselves came from a village near Embrun (Hautes-Alpes) where they were craftsmen and merchants. Tholozan's father married in Toulon a miss Amic. Her family included various tradesmen settled overseas. It is probably these familial relations which incited the couple to sail to the Indian Ocean. There, six years after his parents' marriage, was born Joseph Désiré on the tiny atoll of Diego Garcia, a remote dependency of Mauritius. Later his family having returned to Marseille to live there, it is in this city at the side of Dr. Cauvière who distinguished himself during the cholera epidemics that the future physician will carry out a part of his medical studies before ending them in Paris. Pour citer cet article Boulinier, Georges. - Les origines du Dr Joseph Désiré Tholozan (1820-1897). [The origins of Doctor Joseph Désiré Tholozan (1820-1897).] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (3), pp. 269-278 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x003/HSMx1998x032x003x0269.pdf	269-278
Plessis, Jean-Louis - Théodoridès, Jean. - Tholozan: médecin militaire à compétence étendue. [Tholozan: military physician.] (PDF 3826 Ko) Born in 1820 Joseph-Désiré Tholozan joined in 1841 as “chirurgien sous-aide auxiliaire” the French military Health Service, being still a medical student in Marseille where the School of Medicine was directed by his uncle F. Cauvière. He was later appointed at the hospital of Bastia, obtained his M.D. (Paris 1843), went back to Marseille and later to Metz (1845) and Paris, at the Val-de-Grâce (1846-47). He returned there as assistant physician (1851) and later as professor “agrégé” of Medicine (1852), his agregation thesis devoted to hematology being presided by Andral. Tholozan later participated to the Crimean war (1854-55) during which he performed important observations on infectious diseases (cholera, dysentery, typhus, typhoid fever) or deficiency ones (scurvy, acrodynia). An unpublished report given here deals with a probable epidemic of murine typhus occurring in soldiers returning from Crimea on an American ship which had been used to transport horses. Promoted first class major physician (1857) Tholozan was chosen in 1858 by the French ministry of Foreign Affairs to become the physician of the Shah of Persia, Nasreddin Shah. In this country where he remained until his death (1897) he will have a threefold activity as organizer of the medical teaching, epidemiologist (of plague and cholera) and as a surgeon. Principal first class physician (the equivalent of Physician-Colonel) in 1868, he was definitely dismissed from the Army in 1880. Pour citer cet article Plessis, Jean-Louis - Théodoridès, Jean. - Tholozan: médecin militaire à compétence étendue. [Tholozan: military physician.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (3), pp. 279-286 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x003/HSMx1998x032x003x0279.pdf	279-286
Théodoridès, Jean. - Tholozan et la Perse. [Tholozan and Persia.] (PDF 4982 Ko) Tholozan arrived in Persia in 1858 and remained there until his death in 1897. Personal physician of Nasreddin Shah with the title of hakim bachi, he was also appointed director of the Medical School of Teheran founded in 1850. He trained many Persian physicians and wrote medical treatises printed in persian. In 1866 he married in Teheran a widow of greco-italian origin from whom he had a daughter, Elise, who will have many descendants. Besides his important monographs on epidemic diseases (plague, cholera, etc.) Tholozan wrote in 1869 a “Rapport à S.M. le Shah sur l'état de l'hygiène en Perse”. He accompanied the Shah during his three voyages in Europe (1873, 1878, 1889) and stayed for his health three years in France after the last one, being replaced by Dr. Feuvrier as physician of the Shah. The friendly relations between Tholozan and the French archeologists Marcel and Jane Dieulafoy for whom he obtained from the Shah the permission to undertake diggings at Susa are recalled with the help of unpublished documents. Pour citer cet article Théodoridès, Jean. - Tholozan et la Perse. [Tholozan and Persia.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (3), pp. 287-296 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x003/HSMx1998x032x003x0287.pdf	287-296
Mollaret, Henri H.. - Joseph Désiré Tholozan et la peste en Perse. [Tholozan and plague in Persia.] (PDF 1564 Ko) In Persia since 1858, Tholozan studied between 1870 and 1882 the plague foci of the iranian Kurdistan which shall be dealt a century later (1947-1963) with Dr M. Baltazard and his co-workers from the Pasteur Institute of Teheran. Tholozan had already pointed out the localization of the disease in some well defined villages and gave a good clinical description mentioning the traces of flea bites on the patients skin. One knows nowadays that wild rodents (Meriones) are the storing places of the plague bacilli in the Kurdistan. Tholozan's observations confirmed by modern ones allow to consider him a great loïmologist of modern times. Pour citer cet article Mollaret, Henri H.. - Joseph Désiré Tholozan et la peste en Perse. [Tholozan and plague in Persia.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (3), pp. 297-300 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x003/HSMx1998x032x003x0297.pdf	297-300
Brisou, Bernard. - L'épidémiologie et la prophylaxie du choléra vues par Tholozan. [Epidemiology and prophylaxis for cholera as seen by Tholozan.] (PDF 3925 Ko) From 1817 to 1896, the whole world was scared to death, not once but five times, by pandemic cholera. In 1849, when France is affected by the first wave of the third pandemic, Joseph, Désiré Tholozan is professor Michel Lévy's clinical assistant, at the Val-de-Grâce hospital. From this period, Tholozan, an editor of la Gazette médicale de Paris, applies himself to specify its pathology and especially its epidemiology. He pays particularly attention to get accurate statistics and he is on cholera's tracks, as well in French towns as during Crimean' war. From 1858, as the Persian Shah's physician, he sets up a real medical department in his adopted country. Pragmatic as he is, he recommends to encourage general public health, advocates pilgrimage controls or even pilgrimage suppressions, sometimes. He always remains very doubtful towards measures imposed by International health conferences as the Constantinople's one, in 1866. And if there is any quarantine required, it must be started by natives and not by occidental physicians unaware of language and customs. His definite positions will make him disclaimed by the Shah: he is obliged to resign six months before he would die. Pour citer cet article Brisou, Bernard. - L'épidémiologie et la prophylaxie du choléra vues par Tholozan. [Epidemiology and prophylaxis for cholera as seen by Tholozan.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (3), pp. 301-308 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x003/HSMx1998x032x003x0301.pdf	301-308
Rodhain, François. - Joseph Désiré Tholozan et la fièvre récurrente de Perse. [Joseph Désiré Tholozan and the persian relapsing fever.] (PDF 2695 Ko) In the year 1879, Tholozan seems to have been convinced of the danger caused by the bites of ornithodores in Persia, as a result of very careful observations of sick persons suffering from iranian relapsing fever due to Borrelia persica. Among the ticks collected by him and sent to entomologists in France was the true vector, named Argas (presently Ornithodoros) tholozani by Laboulbène and Mégnin. Tholozan's contribution to our knowledge on persian relapsing fever is really important. He was one of the first to provide a good clinical description of the disease and to involve an argasid tick in its transmission. He discovered the real vector species which is now called after him. Pour citer cet article Rodhain, François. - Joseph Désiré Tholozan et la fièvre récurrente de Perse. [Joseph Désiré Tholozan and the persian relapsing fever.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (3), pp. 309-314 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x003/HSMx1998x032x003x0309.pdf	309-314
Ségal, Alain - Théodoridès, Jean - Galérant, Germain - Valentin, Michel. - Analyses d'ouvrages. (PDF 2798 Ko) Pour citer cet article Ségal, Alain - Théodoridès, Jean - Galérant, Germain - Valentin, Michel. - Analyses d'ouvrages. In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1998, 32 (3), pp. 315-320 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1998x032x003/HSMx1998x032x003x0315.pdf	315-320

Histoire des Sciences médicales

1998, Vol. 32 (3)